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在部署完active data guard后，不但可以将只读的查询交给备库执行，还可以把日常的数据库备份工作放在备库上执行，从而减轻主库的压力，充分的发挥服务器资源，下面演示下利用备库备份来还原主库数据的过程！
一：主库上创建表空间，并在表空间上建表，插入测试数据，同时检查备库的同步情况
- SQL> create tablespace test01 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/db1/test01.dbf' size 10M;Tablespace created.
- SQL> create table rman tablespace test01 as select object_id,object_name from dba_objects;
- Table created.
-
- SQL> select count(*) from rman;
-
- COUNT(*)
- ----------
- 76379
-
- [oracle@db2 db1]$ sqlplus /nolog
- SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Mon Oct 29 11:37:38 2012
- Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
-
- SQL> conn /as sysdba
- Connected.
- SQL> select count(*) from rman;
-
- COUNT(*)
- ----------
- 76379
二：在备库上使用rman对新建的表空间test01进行备份
- [oracle@db2 db1]$ rman target /
- Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Mon Oct 29 11:38:01 2012
- Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- connected to target database: DB1 (DBID=1387827106)
-
- RMAN> report schema;
-
- RMAN> backup tablespace test01 format '/home/oracle/test01_%U';
-
- Starting backup at 2012-10-29-11:38:50
- allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
- channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1 device type=DISK
- channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
- channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
- input datafile file number=00034 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/db1/test01.dbf
- channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2012-10-29-11:38:51
- channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2012-10-29-11:38:52
- piece handle=/home/oracle/test01_03novc2b_1_1 tag=TAG20121029T113851 comment=NONE
- channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
- Finished backup at 2012-10-29-11:38:52
三：关闭主库后删除表空间数据文件，模拟数据丢失场景
- [oracle@db1 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
- SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Mon Oct 29 11:39:49 2012
- Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
-
- SQL> conn /as sysdba
- Connected.
- SQL> shutdown immediate
- Database closed.
- Database dismounted.
- ORACLE instance shut down.
- SQL> exit
-
- [oracle@db1 ~]$ rm -rf /u01/app/oracle/oradata/db1/test01.dbf
四：重新启动主库，只能启动到mount状态
- [oracle@db1 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
- SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Mon Oct 29 11:41:42 2012
- Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
- SQL> conn /as sysdba
- Connected to an idle instance.
- SQL> startup
- ORACLE instance started.
-
- Total System Global Area 1536602112 bytes
- Fixed Size 2228624 bytes
- Variable Size 1174408816 bytes
- Database Buffers 352321536 bytes
- Redo Buffers 7643136 bytes
- Database mounted.
- ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 34 - see DBWR trace file
- ORA-01110: data file 34: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/db1/test01.dbf'
-
- SQL> select open_mode,database_role from v$database;
-
- OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
- -------------------- ----------------
- MOUNTED PRIMARY
五:将备库的备份数据复制到主库，并使用catalog命令注册到主库的控制文件中
- [oracle@db2 ~]$ scp test01_03novc2b_1_1 db1:/home/oracle/
- [oracle@db1 ~]$ rman target /
- Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Mon Oct 29 11:45:02 2012
- Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- connected to target database: DB1 (DBID=1387827106, not open)
-
- RMAN> list backup of tablespace test01;
- specification does not match any backup in the repository
-
- RMAN> catalog backuppiece '/home/oracle/test01_03novc2b_1_1';
-
- cataloged backup piece
- backup piece handle=/home/oracle/test01_03novc2b_1_1 RECID=42 STAMP=797946436
-
- RMAN> list backup of tablespace test01;
-
- List of Backup Sets
- ===================
-
- BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
- ------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------
- 42 Full 3.98M DISK 00:00:00 2012-10-29-11:38:51
- BP Key: 42 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20121029T113851
- Piece Name: /home/oracle/test01_03novc2b_1_1
- List of Datafiles in backup set 42
- File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
- ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----
- 34 Full 10350465 2012-10-29-11:35:32 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/db1/test01.dbf
六：还原和恢复表空间test01，并将主库启动到读写状态，测试主备库数据实时同步情况
- RMAN> restore tablespace test01;
- Starting restore at 2012-10-29-11:47:50
- allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
- channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=21 device type=DISK
-
- channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
- channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
- channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00034 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/db1/test01.dbf
- channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/test01_03novc2b_1_1
- channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/home/oracle/test01_03novc2b_1_1 tag=TAG20121029T113851
- channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
- channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
- Finished restore at 2012-10-29-11:47:52
-
- RMAN> recover tablespace test01;
- Starting recover at 2012-10-29-11:48:02
- using channel ORA_DISK_1
-
- starting media recovery
- media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
-
- Finished recover at 2012-10-29-11:48:03
-
- RMAN> alter database open;
- database opened
-
- [oracle@db1 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
- SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Mon Oct 29 11:48:47 2012
- Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
-
- SQL> conn /as sysdba
- Connected.
- SQL> truncate table rman;
- Table truncated.
-
- [oracle@db2 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
- SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Mon Oct 29 11:49:12 2012
- Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
-
- SQL> conn /as sysdba
- Connected.
- SQL> select count(*) from rman;
-
- COUNT(*)
- ----------
- 0
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